diff --git a/frontend/src/app/deaf-focus/page.tsx b/frontend/src/app/deaf-focus/page.tsx
index ee2d476..b83930a 100644
--- a/frontend/src/app/deaf-focus/page.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/app/deaf-focus/page.tsx
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ interface Article {
 }
 
 async function getArticles(): Promise<Article[]> {
+  if (!process.env.BACKEND_URL) return [];
   try {
     const res = await fetch(
       `${process.env.BACKEND_URL}/api/articles?status=published`,
diff --git a/frontend/src/app/events/page.tsx b/frontend/src/app/events/page.tsx
index 7929bed..e05cdf1 100644
--- a/frontend/src/app/events/page.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/app/events/page.tsx
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ interface Event {
 }
 
 async function getEvents(): Promise<Event[]> {
+  if (!process.env.BACKEND_URL) return [];
   try {
     const res = await fetch(
       `${process.env.BACKEND_URL}/api/events?status=published&limit=100`,
diff --git a/frontend/src/app/minutes/page.tsx b/frontend/src/app/minutes/page.tsx
index 3101bce..d47d227 100644
--- a/frontend/src/app/minutes/page.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/app/minutes/page.tsx
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ interface DocRecord {
 }
 
 async function getDocuments(): Promise<DocRecord[]> {
+  if (!process.env.BACKEND_URL) return [];
   try {
     const res = await fetch(
       `${process.env.BACKEND_URL}/api/documents?limit=500`,
diff --git a/frontend/src/app/updates/page.tsx b/frontend/src/app/updates/page.tsx
index 0b0202a..1e61893 100644
--- a/frontend/src/app/updates/page.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/app/updates/page.tsx
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ interface Update {
 }
 
 async function getUpdates(): Promise<Update[]> {
+  if (!process.env.BACKEND_URL) return [];
   try {
     const res = await fetch(
       `${process.env.BACKEND_URL}/api/updates?status=published&limit=100`,